<primary-label ref="document"></primary-label>

# Sysadmin commands

## ___________________

### Sysadmin commands

Find your current boot device
```
lsblk -no pkname $(findmnt -n / | awk '{ print $2 }')
```

| Command        | Description                                                                                        |
|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| alias          | Create an alias for Linux commands. It’s a shorthand way to customize and streamline your commands |
| apropos        | Search man page names and descriptions.                                                            |
| atop           | htop and top alternative                                                                           |
| awk            | A powerful pattern scanning and processing language. It’s used to manipulate data and generate     |
| blkid          | command-line utility to locate/print block device attributes.                                      |
| btop           | C++ version and continuation of bashtop and bpytop.                                                |
| bzip2          | similar to gzip. It uses a different compression algorithm.                                        |
| cat            | display file contents.                                                                             |
| cd             | directory navigation.                                                                              |
| cheat          | allows you to create and view interactive cheatsheets on the command line.”                        |
| chmod          | change the access permissions of file system objects.                                              |
| chown          | change file owner and group.                                                                       |
| chpassword     | allows users to change the password for various user accounts.                                     |
| chroot         | run command or interactive shell with a special root directory.                                    |
| clear          | clears the screen of the terminal.                                                                 |
| comm           | compare Two Sorted Files Line by Line                                                              |
| cp             | copying files and folders.                                                                         |
| cron           | set up scheduled tasks to run.                                                                     |
| crontab        | Schedule commands to run periodically at fixed times, dates, or intervals with the cron da         |
| dd             | convert and copy files.                                                                            |
| df             | display disk space usage.                                                                          |
| diff           | Compare files line by line. It’s particularly useful for comparing text files such as scripts      |
| dmesg          | prints the message buffer of the kernel ring.                                                      |
| dstat          | view processes, memory, paging, I/O, CPU, etc., in real-time. All-in-one for vmstat, iostat        |
| du             | estimate file space usage.                                                                         |
| env            | Run a command in a modified environment.                                                           |
| expr           | perform Math Calculations in Shell                                                                 |
| fdisk          | manipulate the disk partition table.                                                               |
| find           | locates files based on some user-specified criteria.                                               |
| free           | display memory usage.                                                                              |
| fsck           | tool for checking the consistency of a file system.                                                |
| glances        | htop and top alternative                                                                           |
| grep           | Search a file for a pattern of characters, then display all matching lines.                        |
| gzip           | file compression and decompression.                                                                |
| history        | used to view the previously executed commands.                                                     |
| htop           | interactive process viewer and manager.                                                            |
| iostat         | for storage I/O statistics.                                                                        |
| iotop          | interactive I/O viewer. Get an overview of storage r/w activity.                                   |
| ip             | from Iproute2, a collection of utilities for controlling TCP/IP networking and traffic control     |
| journalctl     | query the systemd journal.                                                                         |
| kill           | terminate a process.                                                                               |
| killall        | Sends a kill signal to all instances of a process by name.                                         |
| last           | show a listing of last logged-in users.                                                            |
| less           | similar to the more command with additional features.                                              |
| ln             | Make links between files. By creating a link, you can access the linked file by more than one p    |
| locate         | search files in Linux.                                                                             |
| ls             | list directory contents.                                                                           |
| lspci          | List all PCI devices. This is particularly useful for diagnosing hardware and system problem       |
| lsusb          | List USB devices. Similar to lspci, but for USB hardware connected to the system.                  |
| man            | for reading system reference manuals.                                                              |
| mkdir          | create or make new directories.                                                                    |
| mkfs           | build a Linux file system.                                                                         |
| more           | display file contents one screen/page at a time.                                                   |
| mount / umount | provides access to an entire filesystem in one directory.                                          |
| mv             | moving files and folders.                                                                          |
| nc             | command-line networking utility. (Also, see 60 Linux Networking commands and scripts.)             |
| ncdu           | a disk utility for Unix systems.                                                                   |
| netstat        | for network statistics.                                                                            |
| nl             | add Line Numbers to a File                                                                         |
| nmon           | htop and top alternative                                                                           |
| nohup          | Run Commands in the Background.                                                                    |
| parted         | for creating and manipulating partition tables.                                                    |
| passwd         | change a user’s password.                                                                          |
| ps             | information about the currently running processes.                                                 |
| pstree         | display a tree of processes.                                                                       |
| pv             | monitor Data Transfer Progress                                                                     |
| pwd            | shows your current directory location.                                                             |
| rm             | removing files and folders.                                                                        |
| rsync          | remote file transfers and syncing.                                                                 |
| sar            | collects, reports, and saves system activity information, including CPU, memory, disk, and ne      |
| scp            | securely Copy Files Using SCP, with examples.                                                      |
| screen         | hold a session open on a remote server. (also a full-screen window manager)                        |
| sed            | A stream editor used to perform basic text transformations on an input stream (a file or input     |
| sleep          | suspends program execution for a specified time.                                                   |
| sof            | List open files and the corresponding processes. This command is invaluable for troubleshootin     |
| ssh            | secure command-line access to remote Linux systems.                                                |
| sudo           | execute commands with administrative privilege.                                                    |
| systemctl      | central management tool for controlling the init system.                                           |
| tac            | output file contents, in reverse.                                                                  |
| tail           | used to display the tail end of a text file or piped data.                                         |
| tar            | an archiving utility.                                                                              |
| timeout        | auto-Kill Commands After a Set Time                                                                |
| tldr           | Collaborative cheatsheets for console commands.                                                    |
| tmux           | a terminal multiplexer.                                                                            |
| top            | shows an overall system view.                                                                      |
| touch          | used to update the access date and modification date of a computer file or directory.              |
| umask          | set file mode creation mask.                                                                       |
| uname          | show system information (arch, linux version)                                                      |
| uptime         | shows system uptime and load average.                                                              |
| useradd        | create a new user or update default new user information.                                          |
| userdel        | used to delete a user account and all related files.                                               |
| usermod        | used to modify or change any attributes of an existing user account.                               |
| vi             | text editor.                                                                                       |
| vmstat         | shows system memory, processes, interrupts, paging, block I/O, and CPU info.                       |
| w              | show a list of currently logged-in user sessions.                                                  |
| wait           | Suspend script execution until all jobs running in the background have been terminated.            |
| watch          | Execute a program periodically, showing output fullscreen. It’s useful for monitoring comman       |
| whois          | client for the whois directory service.                                                            |
| yes            | auto-Answer Prompts                                                                                |
| zip            | for packaging and compressing (to archive) files.                                                  |



<a  href="FrontPage.md" >Back to frontpage</a>